MOG ANTIBODY ASSOCIATED ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; A CASE STUDY BASED CLINICAL ANALYSIS
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) occurs mostly in children and can be triggered by infections and vaccinations. Recently, 40% of ADEM patients were found to be seropositive for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-abs)1. In addition, a subset of adult patients were negative for aquaporin-4 antibody, meeting the diagnostic clinical and radiological criteria for neuromyelitis optica- spectral disorder. NMOSD) contains high titer serum MOG-antibodies2. MOG antibody disease (MOGAD) is a neurological, immune-mediated disease involving inflammation of the optic nerve, spinal cord, and/or brain. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a protein located on the surface of myelin sheaths in the central nervous system. Although the exact function of this glycoprotein is unknown, MOG is a target of the immune system in this disease. The diagnosis is confirmed when MOG antibodies are found in the blood of patients with recurrent attacks of central nervous system inflammation. The specific symptoms and severity of MOGAD can vary from person to person but include vision problems, symptoms related to spinal cord damage, and seizures. Treatment is given initially and is usually intravenous steroids, plasma exchange (PLEX), or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Those with MOG antibody disease should consider continuing treatment with immunosuppressive medications.
KEYWORDS: IV Immunioglobulin, Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, ADEM
