Drought Stress and Pest Control with Biopesticides in Apple and Pecan
Global warming, caused by greenhouse gases and population growth, has increased solar radiation that heats the Earth’s surface and transforms it into latent heat, raising the temperature. Drought stress occurs with stomatal closure in crop leaves, causing temporary wilting. Biopesticides are alternatives to synthetic ones, repel insects and control diseases in a sustainable way. The objective was to evaluate the efficiency and efficacy of a biopesticide. In apples in 2023 and pecan in 2024, both in Coahuila, Mexico. In 2023, with: A.- Without application and B.- With application of 2 L of biopesticide one liter at the be-ginning and the second 10 days later, with three repetitions. In pecan A.- With syn-thetic insecticide and fungicide and B.- With the application of the biopesticide. The repellency index at 20 days after application (DDA) the control reached 5.3 and the biopesticide with 1 butterfly, the repellency index at 20 DDA, 0.39 and the effectiveness of the biopesticide was 75.3%. In pecan, the repellency of the synthetic was 0.25 at 20 DDA and of the biopesticide was 1.5. In apple tree diseases, the severity without application was 6.75 % and the biopesticide 1.67 %, in pecan with synthetic the severity was 2.0 % and the biopesticide 5.21, %, the effectiveness of the biopesticide was 61.6%.
Drought stress is reduced by the effect of Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid, which decrease damage from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that kills cells, in sustainable form.
Keywords: Environmental Stress, Sustainable, Ingredients.
