Understanding Socio-Economic Drivers of Forest Degradation and Fragmentation in a Climate Change Context: Evidence from Malumfashi, Katsina State, Nigeria
This study examines the socio-economic drivers and determinants of deforestation, forest degradation, and fragmentation within the context of the ongoing climate crisis in Malumfashi Local Government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria. A sample of 400 respondents was determined using the Taro Yamane (1967) formula, and respondents were selected through a systematic sampling technique. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The findings indicate that firewood collection is the predominant driver of forest degradation, as reported by 48.2% of respondents. Other significant contributing factors include rapid population growth (45.2%), agricultural expansion (25.3%), unsustainable extraction of forest resources for biomass and timber (13.5%), and livestock grazing (11.5%). In addition, 44% of respondents identified negative impacts on environmental stability and socio-economic development, while 46% highlighted the broader ecological and livelihood consequences associated with forest decline. The study concludes that livelihood-related socio-economic activities are central to the processes of deforestation, forest degradation, and fragmentation in the study area. It therefore recommends the implementation of forest landscape restoration strategies based on nature-based solutions, including reforestation, agroforestry, watershed management, and assisted natural regeneration, to enhance ecological resilience and support sustainable development.
Keywords: Deforestation, Forest Fragmentation, Socio-economic Drivers, Climate Change Crisis, Agroforestry, Environmental Sustainability.
