Genetic Factors in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): A Comprehensive Review
Age Related Macular Degeneration AMD is a major cause of blindness in the older population whose disease mechanisms are significantly influenced by inherited genetics. In this article, the authors attempt to summarize the emerging evidence regarding the genetic basis of AMD, mainly focusing on the genetic associations discovered in the last few years and their functions. The goal is to provide an understanding of why the recent genetic findings help in answering some key questions relating to age-related macular degeneration AMD, especially antifungal strategies using novel data from studies conducted between 2021 and 2024. An evaluation of the most recent developments reveals numerous genetic variants, including those within the SNPs located in the CFH, and ARMS2 genes which have been associated with age-related macular degeneration. Data extend other genetic associations leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies. It continues outlining and expanding the relevance of these results to practice as well as future research programs aimed towards risk prediction and treatment of AMD. This review facilitates further understanding of genetic disease in AMD and provides novel opportunities for further translational studies in AMD treatment.
Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration, genetic risk factors, AMD development mechanisms
