ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT FOR CLEIDOCRANIAL DYSPLASIA -A REVIEW
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal disorder primarily caused by mutations in the RUNX2 gene, which plays a critical role in osteoblast differentiation and dental development. The condition is characterized by clavicular hypoplasia, delayed closure of cranial sutures, and significant dental anomalies, including delayed exfoliation of primary teeth, multiple impacted permanent and supernumerary teeth, and malocclusion. These dental manifestations present considerable orthodontic challenges, making early diagnosis and a well-coordinated, multidisciplinary treatment essential. This review aims to explore the various orthodontic treatment modalities available for managing CCD, emphasizing both conventional and contemporary approaches. Treatment protocols such as the Toronto-Melbourne and Jerusalem methods are discussed, along with surgical adjuncts and recent advances like digital planning, TADs, and 3D imaging. The article also highlights the importance of individualized treatment planning, long-term follow-up, and patient compliance in achieving successful outcomes.
