CRITICAL REVIEW OF FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS IN PHYSICS Part 5 – “Quantum Superposition”
According to the principles of quantum mechanics, quantum superposition is defined as the sum of basis vectors of probability amplitudes. Without changing the set of basis vectors, these sums can be realized by an infinite number of different combinations of the mixing coefficients of these basis vectors. Different sets of mixing coefficients are generated by macroscopically different physical conditions under which macroscopically repeating events with random outputs occur. The set of basis vectors is determined by the corresponding quantum characteristics of a particular object. In theoretical concepts of a “quantum computer” it is assumed that when creating an information bit, each physical state corresponding to a particular superposition sum can be used as a separate part. Based on this, and ignoring that particular mixing coefficients are generated by particular physical conditions, the entire set of superposition sums is attributed to one quantum object in such a way that this object can generate many and potentially an infinite number of classical digital bits. This phenomenon corresponds to the “Q-bit”. In this part of the text, our goal will be to find out – from the point of view of the principles of quantum mechanics – whether the empirical realization of the “Q-bit” will be possible. Below we show that the physical realization of this idea will be impossible, since the arguments that are given as the basis for such a realization contradict the principles of quantum mechanics and are based on false interpretations of these principles.
Index Terms– Quantum computer; Q-bit; Quantum superposition; mutual exclusion of alternatives; contradict the possibility of interference.
