A Systematic Review on Digitalization of Agriculture
Digital agriculture has emerged as a transformative force in the agricultural sector, offering promising solutions to enhance productivity, sustainability, and economic growth. This review explores the current landscape of digital agriculture, focusing on key technologies such as precision farming, AI and machine learning, IoT, and drones, which enable more efficient use of resources, improved crop management, and greater market access for farmers. The review highlights the benefits of digitalization, such as resource efficiency, productivity gains, and economic empowerment, particularly for smallholder farmers in developing countries. The integration of AI and machine learning has proven instrumental in optimizing farming practices by predicting crop yields, improving pest management, and enhancing water usage efficiency. Despite the substantial potential, several barriers to adoption persist, including high initial costs, limited infrastructure, and digital illiteracy. These challenges hinder widespread access to digital tools, particularly in rural and underserved areas. The review also discusses the economic and social impact of digital tools, emphasizing their role in enhancing market access, financial inclusion, and gender equality in agriculture. Finally, the study addresses the barriers to adoption, proposing strategies such as improved digital literacy, infrastructure development, and policy frameworks to foster greater inclusivity and accelerate the adoption of digital agriculture worldwide.
Keywords: Digital Agriculture, Precision Farming, AI and Machine Learning, IoT, Drones, Resource Efficiency, Productivity Gains, Economic Empowerment, Smallholder Farmers, Barriers to Adoption, Digital Literacy, Sustainability, Climate Change, Market Access, Financial Inclusion.
