Comprehensive Insights into the Epigenetic Landscape of Cancer: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Targets, and Clinical Implication
DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling are examples of epigenetic modifications that play a critical role in the development of cancer. These modifications silence tumor suppressor genes, activate oncogenes, and interfere with the control of the cell cycle and apoptosis. Long and micro non-coding RNAs, two types of non-coding RNAs that are important in epigenetic regulation, have the potential to be used as biomarkers for cancer prognosis and diagnosis. In order to address therapeutic resistance and enhance treatment response, epigenetic medicines like as histone deacetylase inhibitors and DNA methyl transferase are being investigated in the clinical setting, especially in conjunction with conventional treatments. Future studies seek to improve patient outcomes by advancing our understanding of cancer biology by integrating epigenetic data with genomic and transcriptomic data.
Keywords: Epigenetic alterations, Cancer development, DNA methylation, Histone modification, Chromatin remodeling
