GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF NIGERIAN FISH SPECIES IN THE DOWNSTREAM RIVER BENUE, TARABA STATE: REVIEW
The genetic improvement of indigenous fish species holds significant potential for enhancing aquaculture productivity and sustainability in Nigeria. This review focuses on the genetic improvement efforts of fish species found in the downstream of River Benue, it is a major water body in Taraba State known for its rich biodiversity and fisheries potential. Some key species such as Clarias gariepinus (African Catfish), Heterobranchus spp.; Tilapia spp. have been the subject of various genetic enhancement Programmes aimed at improving traits such as growth rate, disease resistance, environmental tolerance, and reproductive performance. The review highlights methods employed in these programmes, including selective breeding, hybridization, and molecular genetic techniques. It also explores the role of research institutions, government initiatives, and local fish farmers in promoting genetic improvement strategies. Despite notable progress, challenges such as limited technical expertise, inadequate funding, and poor dissemination of improved stock to rural farmers persist. The review recommends stronger policy support, capacity building, and community participation to fully realize the benefits of genetic improvement in Nigerian fisheries, particularly in the downstream River Benue region. It underscores the importance of integrating scientific innovation with traditional knowledge to ensure the long-term sustainability and productivity of Nigeria’s aquaculture sector to secure food security and sovereignty.
KEYWORDS: Food Security, Biodiversity, River Benue, Fish Genetics, Fish Species
