IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN BENUE INVESTMENT AND PROPERTY COMPANY LIMITED (BIPC), NIGERIA
This study examined the impact of intellectual capital on organisational performance in Benue Investment and Property Company Limited (BIPC), Nigeria. The study was motivated by the growing recognition that intangible assets such as human knowledge, organisational systems, and stakeholder relationships are key drivers of organisational success in modern organisations. Intellectual capital was conceptualised through human capital, structural capital, and relational capital, while organisational performance was measured using both financial and non-financial indicators. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted, and data were collected from 120 employees of BIPC using a structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis to test the relationship between intellectual capital and organisational performance. The findings revealed that human capital has a positive and significant effect on organisational performance (β = 0.734, p = 0.000), structural capital also has a positive and significant effect (β = 0.263, p = 0.000), and relational capital equally shows a positive and significant effect (β = 0.352, p = 0.000). The model was further confirmed to be statistically significant (F = 282.950, p = 0.000), indicating a strong explanatory power of intellectual capital on organisational performance. The study concludes that intellectual capital significantly enhances organisational performance in BIPC by improving employee productivity, operational efficiency, and stakeholder relationships. It is therefore recommended that management should invest more in human capital development, strengthen organisational systems, and enhance relational networks to sustain improved performance outcomes. The study contributes to knowledge by providing empirical evidence from a state-owned investment and property company in Nigeria and extends the application of intellectual capital theory in under-researched sectors. It also supports the Resource-Based View theory by confirming that intangible resources significantly influence organisational performance.
Keywords: Intellectual Capital, Human Capital, Structural Capital, Relational Capital, Organisational Performance, BIPC, Nigeria.
