Histopathological Spectrum of Breast Lesions in Abuja, Nigeria: A Three-Year Review from a Private Diagnostic Laboratory
Breast lesions pose a significant public health concern worldwide, with variable histological patterns influenced by age, geography, and the dynamics of healthcare systems. This study provides a three-year review of the histopathological spectrum of breast diseases in a private laboratory setting in Abuja, Nigeria. A retrospective descriptive review was carried out on 254 breast tissue specimens received between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2024. Standard histopathological processing and WHO classification were used. Data were analysed using SPSS v26. The mean patient age was 37.3 years (range: 13–80). Benign lesions predominated (67%), while malignant lesions constituted 33%. Fibroadenoma (35%) and fibrocystic change (27%) were the most common benign entities. Invasive ductal carcinoma accounted for 94% of malignancies. The findings highlight a predominance of benign breast disease among women in their reproductive years, with fibroadenoma and invasive ductal carcinoma as leading benign and malignant lesions, respectively. There is an urgent need for enhanced awareness and screening strategies.
Keywords: Benign, Breast lesions, Fibroadenoma, Histopathology, Invasive ductal Carcinoma, Malignant.
