Sociological analysis of the determinants of use conflicts in the rural commune of Tesker in the Zinder/Niger region.
This article focuses on the sociological analysis of the determinants of use conflicts in the rural commune of Tesker in the Zinder region. The general objective of the study is to analyze conflicts within communities in the department of Tesker. At this level, the study affected all the breeders present and who agreed to answer questions in the camps and around the water points. For the qualitative approach, interview guides were developed and administered to the different target actors of the problem of conflict over the use of pastoral resources in the rural commune of Tesker. But the various interviews carried out precisely highlighted the conflicts in this pastoral area highly coveted by nomadic and sedentary pastoralists due to the abundance and diversity of pastoral resources for this exceptional year. These include, among other things, the cultivation practice by ‘’Fulani’’ herders in the pastoral zone and the theft of livestock considered as a cultural fact according to certain local communities. In addition, recurring conflicts in the rural commune of Tesker are linked to the management of natural resources, violence and insecurity, conflicts linked to pastures and water point networks. Finally, the proposed solutions for peaceful management of the use of pastoral resources cited by the different actors are: respect for the network in the construction of pastoral hydraulic works; equitable increase in wells and pastoral pumping stations; raising awareness among pastors about peace and social cohesion, a guarantee of sustainable development; the involvement of customary chiefs, opinion and religious leaders in the shared use of pastoral resources.
Keywords: management, conflicts, pastoralism, Tesker, Zinder.
