Predictors of length of stay for patients undergoing percutaneous intervention
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The majority of deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Among cardiovascular conditions coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a widely implemented nonsurgical technique management for treating obstructive or narrowing coronary artery disease. Despite technology development in PCI procedure and post-procedural management, some patients are still complaining of complications that may result in extended length of stay. This study aims to identify the predictors of length of stay for patients undergoing percutaneous intervention. Methods: the study was conducted employing prospective observational design at Istiklal Hospital in Amman, Jordan. The convenience sampling method was used to select the participants in this study. Data was collected through interviews and utilizing patient medical records. Results: the sample consisted of 122 participants. LOS ranged from 1-5 days with a mean of 1.64 (SD ± 1.053). The average age was 58.66 (SD ± 11.960). The majority of the sample 110 (90.2%) were males and 113 (92.6%) were married. The final multiple linear regression model explained 58.7% of the variance in LOS (Adjusted R² = 0.32). The overall model was statistically significant F (7, 114) = 25.56, p < 0.001), indicating that the predictor variables significantly explained LOS. Conclusion: length of stay post-PCI can be predicted by several demographic and clinical factors. Advanced age, female gender, increased weight, having a history of HTN, DM, or CKD were identified in the present study as predictors for LOS. Identifying these predictors allows healthcare providers to priory recognize patients with high risk. Therefore, they can provide focused care plan to avoid unnecessary prolonged hospital stay and allocate health resources.
Keywords: Length of stay, Predictors, coronary artery disease, Percutaneous coronary intervention
