NOVEL FRONTIERS ON LOCALIZED DRUG DELIVERY IN PERIODONTAL DISEASES: A CURRENT UPDATE
As per the pharmacological and pathological study, Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the periodontium induced by specific microorganisms and requires more specific treatment. According to the National Institute of dental and Craniofacial Research shows overall, 42.2% of adults 30 years or older had total periodontitis, consisting of 7.8% with severe periodontitis and 34.4% with nonsevere periodontitis. The traditional mechanical therapy alone is not sufficient for the treatment of moderate to severe periodontitis because of in accessibility in the deep periodontal pocket and depth of penetration of microorganisms into the periodontal connective tissues. Thus to overcome the limitations of mechanical therapy, local drug delivery into the periodontal pocket is recommended. Periodontitis is seen worldwide in all groups of people. Various methods of treatments were used in the management of periodontal infection. The local drug delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the periodontal lesion site has the advantage of loading a higher concentration of drug at the target site minimizing the adverse effect of the drug on the other systems of the body. The local drug delivery system having controlled release should be considered as an adjunctive to mechanical debridement for the treatment of periodontal diseases. There are various options of antimicrobials which can be locally delivered such as metronidazole, chlorhexidine, doxycycline, and tetracycline.
Keywords: Antimicrobial agent, Controlled released, Chemotherapeutic agents, Periodontitis.
