Abstract

Distribution of Hemodialysis Patients According to ABO Blood Groups and Rhesus Factor in the Tripoli Region

Background: There are a two types of renal failure, an acute and a chronic renal failure. The underlying ailment is treated by peritoneal dialysis, haemodialysis, or transplantation, for control of fluid and electrolyte balance. Previous studies mentioned that the renal function tests were showed a variations between patients according their blood groups. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the distribution of ABO blood groups and Rhesus factor among hemodialysis patients in Tripoli region. Subjects and Methods: 250 renal failure patients who were receiving haemodialysis at the Tripoli Center and 100 healthy individuals were the subjects of the current investigation. The study’s design was evaluated and approved by the medical centers’ study ethical committee and the Libyan Academy of Graduate Studies, and informed permission forms were obtained from each patient. A questionnaire was used to collect data on the patients. Each normal healthy person and hemodialysis patient had a vein punctured to obtain a blood sample of 5 ml. 2.5 ml of the blood sample was collected in K-EDTA tubes for estimating ABO blood groups and Rhesus factor, and another 2.5 ml of the blood sample was collected in a plain tubes for biochemical tests (serum urea, creatinine, and uric acid concentrations). In order to compare the data, GraphPad Prism version 9 was used. The Chi-Square test was used to determine whether differences between groups were statistically significant. All statistical analyses were judged significant at a P-value 0.05. Results: The distribution of A, B, AB, and O blood groups showed a none significant (P=0.054) difference between healthy individuals and hemodialysis patients, that were 24%, 15%, 11%& 50%, and 35.2%, 8.4%, 4% & 52.4%, respectively. But, the distribution of A⁺, A^–, B⁺, B^–, AB⁺, O⁺, and O^– blood groups showed a significant (P=0.028) difference between healthy individuals and hemodialysis patients that, were 18%, 6%, 13%, 2%, 11%, 0%, 41%& 9%, and 32%, 3.2%, 7.6%, 0.8%, 3.2%, 0.8%, 49.2%& 3.2%, respectively. The distribution of Rh⁺ and Rh^– blood groups showed a non-significant (P=0.054) difference between healthy individuals and hemodialysis patients that, were 83% & 17%, and 92%& 08%, respectively. Serum urea, creatinine, and uric acid all showed a strong negative connection with gender (P0.01, r=-0.220, -0.391, and -0.180, respectively). Blood groups and serum uric acid showed a significant (P0.01) negative connection (r=-0.225). Conclusion: We might therefore say that the distribution of A⁺, A^–, B⁺, B^–, AB⁺, O⁺, and O^– blood groups among hemodialysis patients was showed a significant difference compared with the health individuals. But, a non significant difference of ABO groups and Rhesus factors separately. So, People who have blood groups O+ and A+ must be attention to examine kidney function to decrease the risk of developing kidney disease. More studies are needed to understand the relationship between ABO blood group and chronic kidney diseases. Further studies are needed in other area in Libya to confirm these results.