Evaluating the Impact of Household Surfactants on Soil Health and Crop Productivity in Agricultural Lands
This study investigates the impact of household surfactants, specifically linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) and nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs), on soil health and crop productivity in agricultural lands of Pakistan. The research assessed changes in soil chemical properties, including pH and electrical conductivity (EC), and their implications on soil fertility. A significant decrease in pH and increase in EC were observed in surfactant-contaminated soils, leading to soil acidification and salinity. The study also highlighted a decline in microbial biomass and enzyme activities, indicating a disruption in soil biological activity. Correlation analysis revealed strong negative relationships between surfactant levels and crop yields, particularly for wheat and tomato crops, with yield reductions of up to 15% and 12%, respectively. The findings underscore the adverse effects of surfactants on soil structure, microbial health, and crop quality, emphasizing the need for sustainable agricultural practices and improved wastewater treatment. Recommendations for mitigating these impacts include the use of biodegradable surfactants, soil amendments, and bioremediation techniques. This study provides crucial insights into the environmental risks associated with surfactant contamination and highlights the importance of further research and policy development to ensure sustainable agricultural systems in Pakistan.
Keywords: Surfactants, Soil health, Crop productivity, LAS, NPEs
